Duck breast and slaw

Avoid the palaver and jump to the recipe.

Dear Reader, 

I hope you have enjoyed your week. If you haven’t, I hope the coming week is better. 

I had a disrupted week. A few matters developed into problems requiring more intense attention. As a result, I redirected my focus. I exercised less and got off target with my health goals. It’s the weekend, so I’m eating better and moving more. 

A few weeks ago, I started listening to a new book series while exercising at night. 

The book series is called “Monroe Doctrine“. It combines cyber warfare, biological warfare, and conventional war-fighting with aggression, starting with the People’s Republic of China. The scenarios involve advanced artificial intelligence, deep fakes, synthetic biology and gain of function, plus upgraded conventional weapon platforms. Without spoiling the plot, it is contemporary and takes advantage of COVID-19 as a plot device. 

The Monroe Doctrine is a fundamental set of principles espoused by President James Monroe in the mid-1800s. 

Canberra is experiencing a warm few days, which is odd because by the middle of March, for as long as I can remember, Autumn’s cool would have already established itself. I’m not complaining; this may be the last weekend of shorts and a T-shirt wearing. 

Depending on which application I look at, tomorrow’s forecast will be either 35 or 37 °C. 

Recipe

Equipment

  • Water heater and circulator 
  • Water bath 
  • Vacuum chamber 

Ingredients 

  • Duck breasts 
  • Salt 
  • Pepper 
  • Garlic powder 
  • Red cabbage 
  • Red onion 
  • Carrot 
  • Spring onion 
  • Red chilli 
  • Sultanas 
  • Dried cranberries 
  • Honey 
  • White peach 
  • Low-fat whole egg mayonnaise 
  • Unsalted mixed nuts 

Instructions

  1. Weigh the duck breasts to ensure each portion is <150 grams. 
  2. Season the duck breasts with salt, pepper, and garlic powder. I will use a small amount of iodised salt to minimise my sodium intake. I prefer to grind whole peppercorns with a pestle in a mortar just before using them to maximise the flavour hit. 
  3. Place the seasoned breasts into plastic vacuum bags and seal them in a vacuum chamber. 
  4. Cook the duck for 2 hours at 55 °C. 
  5. Place the bagged duck breasts into the refrigerator. 
  6. Remove a duck breast at dinner and dry the surface with an absorbent paper towel. 
  7. Sear the surfaces of the breast in a hot frying pan. 
  8. Allow the meat to rest. 
  9. Grate the cabbage and carrot using a coarse grater. 
  10. Slice the spring onion, including the green and white parts. 
  11. Slice red onion and chilli. 
  12. Dice the peach into small pieces. 
  13. Put all the salad ingredients together, stir through a teaspoon of mayonnaise, and then drizzle over a bit of honey. 
  14. Slice the duck and keep some aside for another meal. 
  15. Serve everything on a plate. 
  16. Thank the Lord. 
  17. Eat with a knife and fork. 

Photographs

Thoughts on the meal

There’s nothing exceptional about this meal. It’s a bit of duck and some salad. I find blogging relaxing, and even though I’m busy, I want to write this post and get it up and out. 

Final thoughts 

I hope you have a great week and enjoy some good eating. 

Thanks, also, to readers who commented on last week’s congee post. I wasn’t impressed, but the congee is pretty good after a few days in the refrigerator. 

Diet update

A photograph of me on Saturday, 20230318. I'm wearing a maroon polo shirt and a pair of shorts. I'm wearing my glasses.

“French” quinoa “congee”

If you don’t want to wade through my rambling, click here to jump to the recipe.

“French” quinoa “congee” with red cabbage, spring onion, and red chilli.

Dear Reader,

I hope you are well and have enjoyed a blissful and joy-filled week. I’ve had a fabulous week and feel happy. I feel lighter from weight loss and the lifting of some other burdens. It’s been good to speak with friends this week about a few matters and have problems resolved.

Monday is a gazetted holiday in the Australian Capital Territory; it’s also a long weekend in a few other jurisdictions in Australia. I’m looking forward to a day at home on Monday.

Because it’s Autumn and Winter is approaching, I’m thinking about some recipes for the colder weather. My favourite food is congee (also known as jook).

I’ve been thinking of variations and trying to enjoy congee while I’m in the CSIRO TWD program. I’ll start with 2 L of water and ½ cup of brown rice, and ½ cup of quinoa.

I’ve posted many congee recipes here; the most recent was in November 2022.

After using a packet of low-sodium French onion soup mix to form a cooking liquor last week, I considered French onion soup a flavouring for congee rather than relying on meat and bones. I also thought I’d mix some brown rice and quinoa while at it.

On the topic of low sodium, you may be interested in a WHO report released this week [1]. I also read an interesting article on a paradigm shift in thinking about sodium regulation [2]. Of course, there is an argument to be salty (English Standard Version, 2012, Mark 9:50) [3].

I’m still going well with the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet.

Rugby league

Last week I mentioned it was round one of the National Rugby League competition. It was the first game in the NRL of my new number-one team, the Dolphins. They won. All four Queensland NRL teams enjoyed victories in their round one matches, viz., the Brisbane Broncos, the North Queensland Cowboys, the Gold Coast Titans, and the Dolphins. It was joyous. I was ecstatic. My father and brothers were all happy as we texted each other during the games.

The defeated teams, though, will bounce back in round two and make for better competition. A season has victories and defeats, and it all helps build the excitement of the competition. It is, after all, just a game. That said, in the end, rugby league just gets better.

I tweeted this last week for the DolphinsNRL first-ever game in the NRL.

This week, the Dolphins are playing the Canberra Raiders. Many of my Canberra friends are fans and members of the Canberra Raiders club. I look forward to conversations about the game next week.

Instagram post with my new DolphinsNRL keyring.

Recipe

Equipment

  • Pressure cooker

Ingredients

  • Brown rice (½ cup [100 g], uncooked)
  • Tri-colour quinoa (½ cup [100 g], uncooked)
  • French onion soup mix (low sodium)
  • Tap water (8 cups [2 L])
  • Freshly pounded and ground black peppercorns
  • Spring onions
  • Red chilli flakes (1 tablespoon)

Instructions

  • Wash the rice and quinoa until the water runs clear. Did you know the water draining from the bowl as you clean rice looks like the faeces of patients with cholera? Hence the description, “rice water stool.”
  • Add the rice, quinoa, pepper, soup mix, and water to the pressure cooker.
  • Cook under pressure for 30 minutes and allow 15 minutes for a natural release.
  • Stir the rice gruel and keep heating to the desired thickness.
  • Season to taste (I know I’m trying to lower my sodium intake, so do this carefully).
  • Add and stir through chilli to taste.
  • Transfer everything to a large serving bowl
  • Transfer congee to individual bowls
  • Give thanks to the Lord.
  • Serve with spring onions, shredded cabbage, and soy sauce (low sodium if you have it).

Thoughts on the meal

It’s not often I go meat-free, but tonight I did.

Given a choice, I’d go with the traditional congee using arborio rice and some meat, like chicken or some fatty pork. One tablespoon of red hot chilli flakes is also a bit much. The mucosa of my throat is on fire.

The mass of the food before cooking was 2200 g. The mass of the food after cooking was 1720 g. I’m figuring if I have a cup full of congee it’ll be roughly a tenth of the nutritional value (detailed table of all values) of the total.

It was a bit soupy but I’ve got heaps of time to get it right before winter really hits. I think I may reduce the ratio of quinoa because it really is quite nutty in flavour.

Because I’m lazy and do not like mathematics:

ElementValue per cup
Kilojoules300
Protein2.3 g
Total fat1 g
Total carbohydrates14 g
Sugar
Fibre0.7 g
Sodium17 g
Nutritional values (approximations only)

Final thoughts

I hope you have a wonderful week.

Are you doing anything exciting? Let me know in the comments.

Photographs

Nutrition information

Brown riceQuinoaFrench onion soup (Sodium reduced)
 Nutrition per 100 gNutrition per 100 gNutrition per 100 mL
Kilojoules1450158055
Calories34737613
Protein7.9 g15.2 g0.3 g
Total fat3.1 g7.3 g<0.1 g
Saturated fat0.5 g1 g<0.1 g
Total carbohydrates69.1 g68.4 g3.0 g
Total sugars1.1 g5.2 g0.5 g
Fibre3.5 g10.6 g0.1 g
Sodium2 mg5 mg160 mg
Alcohol0 g0 g 
Beta carotene equivalent0 μg8 μg 
Caffeine0 mg0 mg 
Calcium7 mg40.8 mg 
Cholesterol0 mg0 mg 
Folate36.8 μg183.1 μg 
Iodine20.4 μg0.5 μg 
Iron0.8 mg4.9 mg 
Magnesium118.4 mg167.2 mg 
Monounsaturated Fat1 g2 g 
Niacin5.8 mg0 mg 
Niacin equivalent7.5 mg2.8 mg 
Omega 3 Fat0 mg48.7 mg 
Phosphorus312.4 mg375.1 mg 
Polyunsaturated Fat1.1 g3.4 g 
Potassium230 mg560.2 mg45 mg
Retinol0 μg0 μg 
Retinol equivalent0 μg1 μg 
Riboflavin0 mg0 mg 
Selenium13.9 μg0 μg 
Starch and dextrin67.7 g49 g 
Thiamine0.4 mg0.3 mg 
Trans Fat0 g0 g 
Vitamin B120 μg0 μg 
Vitamin B60.2 mg0.3 mg 
Vitamin C0 mg0 mg 
Water13.9 g12.3 g 
Zinc1.7 mg3.6 mg 
Nutrition information

References

1.         World Health Organization. WHO global report on sodium intake reduction. 2023  [cited 2023 20230311]; Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240069985.

2.         Kirabo, A., A new paradigm of sodium regulation in inflammation and hypertension. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2017. 313(6): p. R706-r710.

3.         Collins Anglicised ESV Bibles, Holy Bible: English Standard Version (ESV) Anglicised Edition. 2012: HarperCollins Publishers.

Figs and pomegranate

Hello Reader, 

It’s Autumn, which means the 2023 footy season has started. 

It began well with the Storm winning Thursday night and the Broncos winning a nail-biter last night. 

It was so relaxing laying in bed, daydreaming about life’s pleasures and checking the NRL app for updates. 

The big game of the weekend is tomorrow arvo. The Dolphins are playing against the Sydney Roosters, and it’s the Dolphin’s first official NRL game. My eldest and youngest children will be in the crowd cheering for the Dolphins. The Dolphins supporters will be screaming #phinsup 

The Redcliffe Dolphins are a well-established club (founded in 1947) in Brisbane and have produced great players like Ian “Bunny” Pearce and Arthur “Arty” Beetson. 

I’ve been a Broncos fan since the team’s formation and entry into the National Rugby League (1987). When the NRL announced the 2023 entry of the Dolphins as an NRL club and Wayne Bennett would be the team’s first NRL coach, I decided to make the Dolphins my number one team. 

Check out more from Rupert McCall.

I wasn’t sure what to cook today, so I drew inspiration from two sources. Yesterday, Lorraine posted five recipes for figs. I saw a salad with figs and pomegranates. Long-time readers know my fondness for pomegranate arils. 

The second source is the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet Facebook support group. Last night I saw someone’s recipe for lamb shanks and marmalade. 

I’ve modified the recipe because I prefer a pressure cooker rather than a slow cooker. I also used shank meat rather than the whole shank. Buying shank meat means I can portion according to weight to ensure I only eat about 150 grams per serving. 

The diet is going well, I’ve spent the best part of this week under my goal weight, and this morning I reached a milestone I never dreamed possible. 

A tweet from @garydlum

In last week’s post, I mentioned I had spent the weekend in Melbourne attending and participating in a medical conference. The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia hosted it. 

Photographers were present and shot me during my talk on Friday morning. 

A tweet from @DrGaryLum

Recipe

Equipment

  • Pressure cooker
  • Saucepan

Ingredients

  • Lamb shank meat – I bought a 550 grams packet. This weight will give me four portions of <150 grams.  
  • Marmalade – I used some homemade whiskey and Seville orange marmalade. I also reduced the quantity of the recipe from the CSIRO TWD group.
  • French onion soup mix – I chose the low-sodium version. 
  • Rosemary – foraged from the sidewalk of my street. 
  • Orange
  • Peach
  • Pomegranate
  • Figs

Instructions

  1. Boil some water in a kettle and add two teaspoons of the marmalade and some French onion soup mix to a cup of boiling water. 
  2. Mix the soup mix and marmalade until it forms a loose slurry. 
  3. Add the shank meat to the cooking vessel and pour over the soup and marmalade mixture. 
  4. Add some fresh rosemary leaves. 
  5. Cook in the pressure cooker for 45 minutes. 
  6. Allow the pressure to equilibrate naturally, and transfer the meat to the refrigerator. 
  7. Sieve the cooking liquor and reduce it in a saucepan. 
  8. The reduced cooking liquor will form a sauce. 
  9. Wash the figs and divide them to create a star shape. 
  10. Remove the arils from the pomegranate by beating it with the back of a cook’s knife. 
  11. Quarter an orange and dissect out the flesh. 
  12. Wash the peach and cut it into small pieces. 
  13. Arrange the fruit and meat on a plate and drizzle the reduced cooking liquor over the food. 
  14. Give thanks to the Lord. 
  15. Eat with a fork or chopsticks. 

Final thoughts

The syrupy sauce from reduced marmalade, French onion, and rosemary was exquisite. 

Cooking meat on the bone will always bear more flavour. I believe that. Life, however, is about compromises, and I am willing to compromise a bit on taste to make it easier to maintain a habit. I rely heavily on routines to optimise my mental health. 

If I were cooking this and enjoying it with someone else, I would use a whole shank and pull the meat from the bone after it has cooked. 

I now have some lamb meat left for this week and half a pomegranate left to enjoy on Monday night with soy-flavoured poached salmon. 

I hope your week to come is peaceful, joy-filled and happy. 

Pork and cabbage

Dear Reader,

Hello and greetings from Melbourne. I’m here for the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Pathology Update 2023. The theme for 2023 is Laneways to Discovery. In the clinical (medical) microbiology stream, we’re receiving tremendous information on new advances and innovations in parasitology. Some of the cases presented have been fantastic examples of parasitic infestations related to poor food choices and handling. I love being a specialist microbiologist.

Sorry Melbourne 🤣 It seems “The Lume Melbourne” is a thing.

Most people never have a problem when it comes to food. That is usually because the balance of the pathogen and host relationship works in the host’s favour. Often, it’s a combination of good genetics and good health. However, many people do not have robust immunological systems (cellular, mucosal, and humoral); in some situations, the pathogen can be abnormally more virulent. Parasite infestation is why we have basic food safety standards. I come across people who boast of good health and say they are at no risk of infection; that’s great for them. As healthful hosts, they are likely to survive colonisation and infection without the disease. I am concerned for susceptible people who may experience infection after colonisation and end up with the disease.

It has been good catching up with colleagues. Many of them have been former trainees, and seeing how they have made a dent in the universe is always marvellous.

I’m of an age where I look at people and ponder marks on faces, colour and volume of hair, and shape of bodies. I make comparisons with memories from decades ago. It is reassuring that they all look so fit and healthy, albeit obviously, we’ve all got more marks and wrinkles. Some have greying hair, and some, like me, have no hair.

I haven’t cooked anything this weekend because I’m away; however, I have eaten out and thought I’d share my thoughts on the meals.

I arrived Thursday evening because I presented a talk first thing Friday morning. I didn’t eat dinner because I had some Bega cheese and crackers on the flight from Canberra.

Friday

Lunch

The conference catering was the usual fare. There was a mixture of cold salad and some hot dishes.

This plate has cold broccoli, peas, beans, cucumber, hot cauliflower, and meat. I added a spoonful of Queensland nuts too.

Pathology Update 2023 Lunch

Dinner

I took dinner at a Munich Brauhaus on South Wharf. The purpose of such establishments seems to be the consumption of large quantities of beer, mostly in 2 L steins. I was there for a different purpose. I was there for pork and cabbage. I ate a piece of pork belly with red cabbage, and for dessert, I ate some apple strudel and ice cream.

The main meal consisted of a rectangular prism of pork belly with some rind on top. It sat atop “creamy” potato mash with red cabbage, some apple compote, and bier jus.

The cabbage was pleasant. It was sweet but not sickly. Likewise, the apples were firm and not overly sweet. It would have been better if the apples were tart. I’m not sure if cinnamon is part of Germanic cuisine, I would have added more flavour from cloves and cinnamon. The bier jus was a bland thin gravy. If I were cooking this, I would have tried for something with a little more body.

The pork belly itself was well cooked. I’m guessing it was sous vide pre-cooked. It wasn’t excessively fatty, and the texture was soft and tender. I was happy with the flavour. The disappointment was the skin. I was hoping for crackling, but this wasn’t crackling. It was edible, and it wasn’t so tough I was fearful for my teeth.

All in all, it was a meal I was happy to eat. I’d probably eat it again. Is it the best pork belly and cabbage I’ve eaten? No, but it wasn’t unpleasant. I’d give it four stars out of 5.

The remarkable thing about the meal was the apparent lack of excess salt. Restaurant meals are often too salty, and at night I feel thirsty. That didn’t happen at all. Probably a good thing for my blood pressure. Perhaps this is the benefit of not having crackling which often requires generous salting of the skin before cooking.

The strudel was disappointing. It didn’t really excite my tongue and it lacked mouthfeel. I think I’d prefer some stewed apple with baklava and ice cream.

Saturday

Melbourne view Novotel South Wharf

Lunch

Today’s lunch was enjoyable. This plate had some cauliflower and radish, plus lentils and pumpkin. There was also a rice noodle roll and a bit of salmon.

A bowl of beef curry and polenta accompanied the plate.

The salmon was dry but perfectly understandable, given the presentation on parasites in salmon from an international expert who was one of our plenary speakers for the conference. The beef was also dry, and I suspect it was cooked separately from the sauce and added later. The meat lacked flavour.

Dinner

I wanted to compare the pork belly with another pork and cabbage meal tonight. I was interested in a pork knuckle and sauerkraut.

I went to Munich Brauhaus again and got a seat next to where I sat last night.

The pork knuckle was good. The crackling was crunchy, and the underlying fat was enough and not too much. The meat was tender but a little dry.

I’m now in two minds about red cabbage and sauerkraut. I like both. Given a choice, though, I like the red cabbage more. It could be because of the colour.

Pork knuckle Sauerkraut Apple Potato mash Bier jus

I also had a black forest gateau for dessert. It wasn’t that good. It was straight from the refrigerator, and the cream-to-cake ratio was too much.

Black Forest Gateau

Final thoughts

I preferred the pork belly over the pork knuckle. The pork belly would have been perfect if the skin was crackling.

My perfect meal would be the pork belly with red cabbage and probably no dessert. I’d walk to a gelato shop and enjoy a gelato while walking around the boardwalk.

My aim tomorrow is to settle back to the small meal portions and hopefully when I weigh myself on Monday I won’t cry. 😆

Sodium bicarbonate and tenderising meat

Dear Reader, 

I hope you’ve enjoyed a good week. 

I don’t have a recipe to share tonight. I want to describe how I have used sodium bicarbonate to tenderise meat. 

What is sodium bicarbonate?

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is an odourless white crystal with a molecular mass of 84.0066 g mol–1. It’s primarily used as a rising or leavening agent to aerate foods like bread. This occurs when NaHCO3 combines with hydrogen (H+) and reacts with the acid, and carbon dioxide (CO₂) plus water (H₂O) and sodium (Na+) are formed. CO₂ is the gas that bubbles through the dough. 

I also use NaHCO3 to clean my stainless-steel cooking utensils in the kitchen, like frying pans and saucepans. 

This week, however, I exploited another feature of NaHCO3, its ability to tenderise meat. Watch Dan from America’s Test Kitchen (YouTube video below); he explains it well. 

How have I been using sodium bicarbonate?

Most people would use sodium bicarbonate (also known as baking soda) with raw meat. I have been using it with cooked meat. Because I’m a “freestyler” in the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet, I design my own meals. This relies on cooking the meat portions on the weekend. I find using a water bath, and water heater/circulator for sous vide cooking the most convenient and time efficient. I know many people do not have this equipment. Many prefer using a frying pan and stove, a barbecue grill, or grilling in the oven. It doesn’t really matter what you use for cooking your meat. I manage my work and life around convenience. 

I don’t know if I’ll stop the weekly meal planning and preparation when I retire. It seems like an excellent discipline to retain. 

Meat cooked this way is always tender; however, the second cooking phase can cause the meat fibres to toughen when using this meat in a stir-fry. I’ve used sodium bicarbonate to avoid this and retain my desired suppleness. It works a treat. 

Another terrific resource on sodium bicarbonate in the process known as velveting is the book, “The Wok: Recipes and Techniques” by J. Kenji López-Alt. Check out page 74, where you will find the “Basic Velveting” section. 

Another blogger you can read for wisdom is Lorraine from Not Quite Nigella. Lorraine, who I think is “Better than Nigella”, has written about velveting in a few of her posts. The main one is velveting Chinese beef, chicken, and pork.

Coincidentally, America’s Test Kitchen tweeted this today.

Why Baking Soda is the Most Useful Ingredient in Your Kitchen

While sodium bicarbonate is not specifically mentioned, I can’t help but share a YouTube video featuring Lan Lam. She is a terrific pedagogue and reminds me of my Mum. 

The Secret To Mastering Burgers, Sausage, and Meatballs

On the subject of my mother, I recall, as a young child, standing next to Mum in the kitchen while she cooked. I would watch her use utensils and toss her wok. I also noted her use of sodium bicarbonate and corn flour (in North America, I think you call this corn starch). 

When I left home, I would try to emulate Mum’s cooking, but I am a lazy man who takes shortcuts. When I’ve taken to using those extra techniques that seemed natural to Mum, my food has brought back some of those pleasurable memories of how soft and delicate meat can feel in my mouth. 

An experiment

In Dan’s video, he also mentions that sodium bicarbonate helps enhance the browning of food. 

I thought I’d see if sodium bicarbonate enhances the browning of a lamb rump steak cooked a few weeks ago and frozen. 

I thawed the lamb overnight and then let it sit in a dilute solution of sodium bicarbonate and water for about ten minutes. 

I washed the surface of the meat and then patted it dry with a paper towel before searing it in a hot frying pan. 

Check out the result in the photograph. 

I don’t think it really helped with the searing of the meat. What it did you is make the lamb rump steak noticeably more tender. It’s a bit of a faff, but worth it if you want to improve the mouthfeel of meat. 

Photographs

Here are a series of photographs and descriptions of how I’ve tenderised meat this week and enjoyed the combination of tender meats and vegetables.

You can improve the texture of beef, chicken, pork, and lamb with sodium bicarbonate. I expect it will work with any other mammalian and avian meat. 

You may have noticed in the photographs of my lunch at work, I’m using a new lunch box. I used to use Tupperware plastic containers that were quite good but there was always a rick the lid would detach accidentally.

I’ve now purchased a couple of Avanti stainless steel containers which have a secure fitting lid.

Gifted kipfler potatoes

A workmate grows kipfler potatoes. Potatoes aren’t a big part of the CSIRO TWD. I can’t say no to free spuds though.

Zucchini “noodles” Pork Curry Kipfler potatoes Ginger beer

Final thoughts

I hope you found this post interesting. If you’ve never tried tenderising meat with sodium bicarbonate and you give it a go, please come back here, and leave me a comment on what you think about it. I’d be keen to know if you think it’s worth the extra effort. 

A few people have been asking about how I feel while on the CSIRO TWD. I’m feeling well. I’m feeling more flexible and agile and more energetic. One downside, though, has been the change in bowel habits. It’s not as regular, and the pungency of the aroma, especially of my flatus, can be embarrassing in workplace situations. 

This week’s TWD photo

Photograph of Gary wearing a maroon polo shirt.
Entering week 5 of TWD