CSIRO

Figs and pomegranate

Posted by Gary

Hello Reader, 

It’s Autumn, which means the 2023 footy season has started. 

It began well with the Storm winning Thursday night and the Broncos winning a nail-biter last night. 

It was so relaxing laying in bed, daydreaming about life’s pleasures and checking the NRL app for updates. 

The big game of the weekend is tomorrow arvo. The Dolphins are playing against the Sydney Roosters, and it’s the Dolphin’s first official NRL game. My eldest and youngest children will be in the crowd cheering for the Dolphins. The Dolphins supporters will be screaming #phinsup 

The Redcliffe Dolphins are a well-established club (founded in 1947) in Brisbane and have produced great players like Ian “Bunny” Pearce and Arthur “Arty” Beetson. 

I’ve been a Broncos fan since the team’s formation and entry into the National Rugby League (1987). When the NRL announced the 2023 entry of the Dolphins as an NRL club and Wayne Bennett would be the team’s first NRL coach, I decided to make the Dolphins my number one team. 

Check out more from Rupert McCall.

I wasn’t sure what to cook today, so I drew inspiration from two sources. Yesterday, Lorraine posted five recipes for figs. I saw a salad with figs and pomegranates. Long-time readers know my fondness for pomegranate arils. 

The second source is the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet Facebook support group. Last night I saw someone’s recipe for lamb shanks and marmalade. 

I’ve modified the recipe because I prefer a pressure cooker rather than a slow cooker. I also used shank meat rather than the whole shank. Buying shank meat means I can portion according to weight to ensure I only eat about 150 grams per serving. 

The diet is going well, I’ve spent the best part of this week under my goal weight, and this morning I reached a milestone I never dreamed possible. 

A tweet from @garydlum

In last week’s post, I mentioned I had spent the weekend in Melbourne attending and participating in a medical conference. The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia hosted it. 

Photographers were present and shot me during my talk on Friday morning. 

A tweet from @DrGaryLum

Recipe

Equipment

  • Pressure cooker
  • Saucepan

Ingredients

  • Lamb shank meat – I bought a 550 grams packet. This weight will give me four portions of <150 grams.  
  • Marmalade – I used some homemade whiskey and Seville orange marmalade. I also reduced the quantity of the recipe from the CSIRO TWD group.
  • French onion soup mix – I chose the low-sodium version. 
  • Rosemary – foraged from the sidewalk of my street. 
  • Orange
  • Peach
  • Pomegranate
  • Figs

Instructions

  1. Boil some water in a kettle and add two teaspoons of the marmalade and some French onion soup mix to a cup of boiling water. 
  2. Mix the soup mix and marmalade until it forms a loose slurry. 
  3. Add the shank meat to the cooking vessel and pour over the soup and marmalade mixture. 
  4. Add some fresh rosemary leaves. 
  5. Cook in the pressure cooker for 45 minutes. 
  6. Allow the pressure to equilibrate naturally, and transfer the meat to the refrigerator. 
  7. Sieve the cooking liquor and reduce it in a saucepan. 
  8. The reduced cooking liquor will form a sauce. 
  9. Wash the figs and divide them to create a star shape. 
  10. Remove the arils from the pomegranate by beating it with the back of a cook’s knife. 
  11. Quarter an orange and dissect out the flesh. 
  12. Wash the peach and cut it into small pieces. 
  13. Arrange the fruit and meat on a plate and drizzle the reduced cooking liquor over the food. 
  14. Give thanks to the Lord. 
  15. Eat with a fork or chopsticks. 

Final thoughts

The syrupy sauce from reduced marmalade, French onion, and rosemary was exquisite. 

Cooking meat on the bone will always bear more flavour. I believe that. Life, however, is about compromises, and I am willing to compromise a bit on taste to make it easier to maintain a habit. I rely heavily on routines to optimise my mental health. 

If I were cooking this and enjoying it with someone else, I would use a whole shank and pull the meat from the bone after it has cooked. 

I now have some lamb meat left for this week and half a pomegranate left to enjoy on Monday night with soy-flavoured poached salmon. 

I hope your week to come is peaceful, joy-filled and happy. 

Fig and pomegranate with lamb shank meat
Claire’s marmalade
Fig and pomegranate with lamb shank meat
Fig and pomegranate with lamb shank meat
Fig and pomegranate with lamb shank meat
Fig and pomegranate with lamb shank meat

Sodium bicarbonate and tenderising meat

Posted by Gary

Dear Reader, 

I hope you’ve enjoyed a good week. 

I don’t have a recipe to share tonight. I want to describe how I have used sodium bicarbonate to tenderise meat. 

What is sodium bicarbonate?

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is an odourless white crystal with a molecular mass of 84.0066 g mol–1. It’s primarily used as a rising or leavening agent to aerate foods like bread. This occurs when NaHCO3 combines with hydrogen (H+) and reacts with the acid, and carbon dioxide (CO₂) plus water (H₂O) and sodium (Na+) are formed. CO₂ is the gas that bubbles through the dough. 

I also use NaHCO3 to clean my stainless-steel cooking utensils in the kitchen, like frying pans and saucepans. 

This week, however, I exploited another feature of NaHCO3, its ability to tenderise meat. Watch Dan from America’s Test Kitchen (YouTube video below); he explains it well. 

How have I been using sodium bicarbonate?

Most people would use sodium bicarbonate (also known as baking soda) with raw meat. I have been using it with cooked meat. Because I’m a “freestyler” in the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet, I design my own meals. This relies on cooking the meat portions on the weekend. I find using a water bath, and water heater/circulator for sous vide cooking the most convenient and time efficient. I know many people do not have this equipment. Many prefer using a frying pan and stove, a barbecue grill, or grilling in the oven. It doesn’t really matter what you use for cooking your meat. I manage my work and life around convenience. 

I don’t know if I’ll stop the weekly meal planning and preparation when I retire. It seems like an excellent discipline to retain. 

Meat cooked this way is always tender; however, the second cooking phase can cause the meat fibres to toughen when using this meat in a stir-fry. I’ve used sodium bicarbonate to avoid this and retain my desired suppleness. It works a treat. 

Another terrific resource on sodium bicarbonate in the process known as velveting is the book, “The Wok: Recipes and Techniques” by J. Kenji López-Alt. Check out page 74, where you will find the “Basic Velveting” section. 

Another blogger you can read for wisdom is Lorraine from Not Quite Nigella. Lorraine, who I think is “Better than Nigella”, has written about velveting in a few of her posts. The main one is velveting Chinese beef, chicken, and pork.

Coincidentally, America’s Test Kitchen tweeted this today.

Why Baking Soda is the Most Useful Ingredient in Your Kitchen

While sodium bicarbonate is not specifically mentioned, I can’t help but share a YouTube video featuring Lan Lam. She is a terrific pedagogue and reminds me of my Mum. 

The Secret To Mastering Burgers, Sausage, and Meatballs

On the subject of my mother, I recall, as a young child, standing next to Mum in the kitchen while she cooked. I would watch her use utensils and toss her wok. I also noted her use of sodium bicarbonate and corn flour (in North America, I think you call this corn starch). 

When I left home, I would try to emulate Mum’s cooking, but I am a lazy man who takes shortcuts. When I’ve taken to using those extra techniques that seemed natural to Mum, my food has brought back some of those pleasurable memories of how soft and delicate meat can feel in my mouth. 

An experiment

In Dan’s video, he also mentions that sodium bicarbonate helps enhance the browning of food. 

I thought I’d see if sodium bicarbonate enhances the browning of a lamb rump steak cooked a few weeks ago and frozen. 

I thawed the lamb overnight and then let it sit in a dilute solution of sodium bicarbonate and water for about ten minutes. 

I washed the surface of the meat and then patted it dry with a paper towel before searing it in a hot frying pan. 

Check out the result in the photograph. 

I don’t think it really helped with the searing of the meat. What it did you is make the lamb rump steak noticeably more tender. It’s a bit of a faff, but worth it if you want to improve the mouthfeel of meat. 

Lamb rump steak with tomato, cucumber, and cheese
Lamb rump steak with tomato, cucumber, and cheese

Photographs

Here are a series of photographs and descriptions of how I’ve tenderised meat this week and enjoyed the combination of tender meats and vegetables.

You can improve the texture of beef, chicken, pork, and lamb with sodium bicarbonate. I expect it will work with any other mammalian and avian meat. 

Curry zucchini noodles with NaHCO3 tenderised pork scotch steak, spinach, fennel, and red onion
Curry zucchini noodles with NaHCO3 tenderised pork scotch steak, spinach, fennel, and red onion
NaHCO3 tenderised steak with vegetable “rice”
NaHCO3 tenderised steak with vegetable “rice”
NaHCO3 tenderised steak with vegetable “rice”
Chicken Cabbage Fennel Onion
Chicken Cabbage Fennel Onion
Leftover tenderised chicken with cabbage, fennel, red onion, and a kipfler potato

You may have noticed in the photographs of my lunch at work, I’m using a new lunch box. I used to use Tupperware plastic containers that were quite good but there was always a rick the lid would detach accidentally.

I’ve now purchased a couple of Avanti stainless steel containers which have a secure fitting lid.

Gifted kipfler potatoes

A workmate grows kipfler potatoes. Potatoes aren’t a big part of the CSIRO TWD. I can’t say no to free spuds though.

Zucchini “noodles” Pork Curry Kipfler potatoes Ginger beer

Final thoughts

I hope you found this post interesting. If you’ve never tried tenderising meat with sodium bicarbonate and you give it a go, please come back here, and leave me a comment on what you think about it. I’d be keen to know if you think it’s worth the extra effort. 

A few people have been asking about how I feel while on the CSIRO TWD. I’m feeling well. I’m feeling more flexible and agile and more energetic. One downside, though, has been the change in bowel habits. It’s not as regular, and the pungency of the aroma, especially of my flatus, can be embarrassing in workplace situations. 

This week’s TWD photo

Photograph of Gary wearing a maroon polo shirt.
Entering week 5 of TWD

Pork and egg burger

Posted by Gary

Dear Reader,

I hope you are well and eating well. 

I feel well myself and am enjoying the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet. When I weighed myself this morning, I noted that I had lost 5.2 kilograms since commencing the program. 

My jeans and some of my T-shirts now feel loose. 

While TWD is more than a low carbohydrate approach to eating and living, reducing unnecessary carbohydrate consumption and replacing it with lean protein is crucial. 

I’ve been eating a small portion of granola with unflavoured and unsweetened yoghurt most nights and still losing weight. 

This is a photograph of Gary after he weighed in on Saturday morning for the CSIRO TWD.
Saturday’s TWD weigh-in photograph

I thought this week, I would explore some low-carbohydrate bread options. 

Recipe

Special equipment

  • Water bath
  • Water heater and circulator

Ingredients

  • Pork scotch fillet steak – I found some steak that was about 150 grams. 
  • Salt – Iodised salt because I support the ongoing need for it. Iodine supplementation prevents cretinism. Anyone who tells you that products like Himalayan rock salt are good for you may not have had enough iodine in utero and during their early childhood. 
  • Pepper – I like using whole peppercorns, and with some of the salt, pound it with a pestle in a mortar. Freshly pounded pepper is superior to pepper which has been cracked or ground and then packaged and sold. 
  • Coles 85% lower carb rolls – One roll has 751 kJ, 19.5 g of protein, 8.4 g of fat, and 2.8 g of carbohydrate. 
  • Egg
  • Tomato
  • Lettuce
  • Praise whole egg light mayonnaise 

Instructions

Pork

  • Season a piece of pork with salt and pepper. 
  • Place the pork into a bag, apply a vacuum, and seal it. 
  • Cook the pork at 54 °C for 2 hours. 
  • Remove the pork from the bag and pat dry the surface with absorbent paper. 
  • Sear the steak in a hot cast-iron skillet. 

Burger

  • Cut the bread roll transversely. 
  • Spread some mayonnaise on the bottom piece of bread. Make it a thin smear; too much is too much. 
  • Toast the bread in a hot skillet until it takes on some colour. 
  • Layer some lettuce leaves on the heel of the bun. 
  • Add some slices of tomato. 
  • Add the pork scotch steak to the tomato. 
  • Lay a poached egg on the steak. 
  • Complete the burger with the top of the bread roll and gently compress the top to break the egg yolk’s membrane so that the egg yolk oozes over the pork to form a rich, luxurious sauce. 
  • If I were still doing YouTube videos, I’d cut the burger in a coronial plane and then pull apart the halves to reveal the cross-section. I did it so you have a still shot in the photographs.
  • Give thanks to the Lord. 
  • Eat with your hands. 

Final thoughts

This pork burger is a basic sandwich. It has minimised the carbohydrate component by using specialty bread. It is high in protein, and therefore it is filling. What it is not is lean. I did not remove the fat from the pork, and while I did use “light” mayonnaise, it is still mayonnaise. 

The Coles 85% lower-carb bread is pretty good. It toasted nicely, and it tasted good.

Photographs

Coles 85% lower carb bread in its packaging
Coles 85% lower carb bread
Pork Scotch steak in its packaging
Pork Scotch steak
Pork Scotch steak unseasoned
Pork Scotch steak
Pork Scotch steak seasoned with salt and pepper
Pork Scotch steak seasoned with salt and pepper
Pork and egg burger with the poached egg exposed
Pork and egg burger
Pork and egg burger with the poached egg exposed
Pork and egg burger
Pork and egg burger with oozing yolk
Pork and egg burger
Pork and egg burger bisected
Pork and egg burger
Pork and egg burger bisected
Pork and egg burger

Lamb and cabbage soup

Posted by Gary

Dear Reader, 

The CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet is going well. I’m two weeks in, and everything is moving in a good direction. My parameters include body mass, waist and thigh measurements, blood pressure, and heart rate. 

Popcorn

At the end of the twelve-week program, I’ll make an appointment with my GP and seek a pathology referral for multiple biochemistry analyses and a full blood examination. I expect my GP will also suggest a urine albumin/creatine ratio. 

The reassuring thing about this diet is that I can find something in most restaurants that will be suitable. I went to a Turkish restaurant on Tuesday for a farewell lunch for a workmate and enjoyed a duck thigh and salad. Usually, I’d enjoy zucchini puffs with yoghurt plus Turkish pizzas. 

Turkish Pide House Duck salad

I still have leftover lamb rump steaks and thought for tea tonight; I’d eat it with shredded cabbage, Brussels sprouts, fennel, and red onion. 

Recipe

Equipment

  • No special equipment

Ingredients

  • Lamb rump steak. The steak’s mass is about 100 g. I’d previously cooked it and kept it refrigerated. 
  • Drumhead cabbage 
  • Brussels sprouts 
  • Fennel 
  • Red onion 
  • Salt 
  • Pepper 

Instructions 

Steak 

  1. Because the steak was thin and I had four of them, to save time, I cooked the lamb under a vacuum in a water bath at 52 °C for one hour. Because I’m not eating the lamb like a steak, I’m not bothered to sear the meat. 
  2. For this meal, thinly slice the lamb for the soup. 

Soup 

  1. Finely shred the cabbage, Brussels sprouts, fennel, and red onion. 
  2. Gently sauté the vegetables in a saucepan until some colour develops. 
  3. Add a couple of cups of water and bring it to a roiling boil. 
  4. Season with iodised salt and freshly ground whole black peppercorns (I pound my pepper with a pestle in a mortar). 
  5. Add the shredded lamb and turn off the heat. 
  6. Serve in a bowl. 
  7. Give thanks to the Lord. 
  8. Eat with a spoon. 

Finals thoughts 

The soup is the sort of meal I make on nights after work. The great thing about the CSIRO TWD is that it’s perfect for those making meals for one. Everything can be prepared well in advance to make the cooking part simple. 

You may look at this and think, where is the flavour coming from? Trust me, when you add freshly pounded pepper and salt plus the flavour from the sautéed vegetables, you get the flavour. 

Photographs 

Brussels sprouts and fennel
Drumhead cabbage and red onion
Freshly pounded iodised salt and black peppercorns plus sous vide lamb rump steak
Lamb and cabbage soup
Lamb and cabbage soup

Lamb rump steak

Posted by Gary

Dear Reader,

Today, Thursday, 20230126, is a gazetted public holiday in Australia. I’m on-call and doing some work, but I have time to post something here.

I didn’t post last weekend because I was in Brisbane to see my daughters and parents.

I ate well while in Brisbane and managed to bear in mind the principles of the CSIRO Total Wellness Diet.

Before I get to what I have cooked today, let’s run through what I enjoyed last weekend.

Qantas 1710

On the flight to Brisbane, Qantas served zucchini and corn fritters. These morsels were tasty.

    On Saturday morning, I went with eggs Benedict. On the menu, it looked like bacon was an optional extra. I didn’t ask for it and didn’t pay for it. I did receive bacon, and I did eat it. I didn’t eat the bread.

    The Gunshop Cafe Eggs Benedict

    I took my family to Sandgate for lunch at the Sandgate Fishmonger. While some asked for battered cod and others asked for crumbed cod, a few of us enjoyed grilled cod.

    Two pieces of grilled cod and a bottle of ginger beer from the Sandgate Fishmonger

    Dinner was a lovely event. Rather than a gift for Christmas, I asked my daughters to take me to dinner somewhere in January. They know their father, so they chose an “all-you-can-eat” joint. When I was morbidly obese, my favourite four words were “all you can eat”.

    We went to Shabu House, which specialises in Japanese hotpot, sushi, and Japanese-style fried chicken.

    While I was mindful of the principles of the CSIRO TWD, I did enjoy lots of vegetables plus lots of meat and fish. I think the octopus was the best element. The pork and beef were okay, and the white fish (whatever it was) was good, but the baby octopus was the best element for flavour and mouthfeel.

    It was difficult to resist the fried chicken, and I succumbed to the temptation. Regarding the sushi, I ate a little raw fish but didn’t eat the rice.

    Shabu House Fish Pork Beef Tom yum broth
    Shabu house Prawns Octopus Pork Beef Wood ear fungus
    Shabu House Fish balls Prawn balls Sushi
    Shabu House Fried Chicken Chicken Karaage
    Sorry about the white balance. The incandescent bulbs above the table were very warm.

    After the meal, we walked south across the Brisbane River and enjoyed gelato at Messina on Melbourne Street.

    Sunday breakfast was poached eggs, a little hollandaise sauce, plus wilted spinach leaves. I didn’t eat the bread.

    Poached eggs Hollandaise sauce Wilted spinach

    By the time I weighed myself on Monday morning, I’d not gained weight when I had compared the number to what I had measured on Friday morning.

    This week has gone well in terms of how I feel physically. The initial hunger associated with changing the ratios of carbohydrates, protein, and fat seems to have diminished. I’m in a steady rhythm of measuring and tracking the food I consume and the steps I walk.

    The CSIRO TWD app works seamlessly across my smartphone, tablet, and desktop. It synchronises with my app for blood pressure, steps, and weight. The positive feedback from seeing the energy balance plus the values of various parameters at the end of each day provides psychological assurance, which is a significant part of this process.

    Recipe

    The recipes here will be simple and plain for the foreseeable future. They may not be that interesting. If you want to see large joints of meat and other recipes, scroll to earlier posts and find all manner of recipes.

    Equipment

    No special equipment is necessary

    Ingredients

    • Lamb rump steak. I saw these small fillets of lamb rump in the supermarket, which are about the right portion size.
    • Mixed lettuce leaves
    • Cherry tomatoes
    • Baby cucumbers
    • Lemon juice
    • Lemon zest
    • Olive oil

    Instructions

    1. The night before cooking, I recommend dry brining the meat. Dry brining means drying the surface of the flesh and seasoning it with salt. Place it on a rack and refrigerate it uncovered overnight. It can remain like this for one or two days. As the meat dries, the salt penetrates. The flesh doesn’t dehydrate, but the surface remains dry to assist with searing on a hot pan.
    2. When it’s time to cook dinner, remove the meat from the refrigerator.
    3. Heat a pan until it’s hot.
    4. Add some neutral, high-vapour point oil. I like to use rice bran oil or peanut oil.
    5. Quickly cook the lamb rump steak.
    6. Set the meat aside to rest.
    7. Place some lettuce leaves, halved tomatoes and sliced cucumber in a bowl and dress with a mixture of lemon juice and olive oil.
    8. Put the salad on a dinner plate and garnish with lemon zest.
    9. Put the lamb next to the salad.
    10. Say thanks to the Lord.
    11. Eat with a fork.

    Final thoughts

    The lamb was rare to medium rare and perfect, in my opinion. I know some people don’t like the flavour of lamb, but I love it. This meal was an ideal light lunch for a public holiday.

    Photographs